Homelessness and speech, language and communication

Homelessness is not limited to rough sleeping. It encompasses a range of experiences, including those living in temporary, unsafe, or unsuitable accommodation. Communication difficulties can act as significant barriers to accessing and engaging with support services, which compounds the challenges faced by individuals experiencing homelessness. Over 320,000 people in the UK are recorded as homeless, with many more experiencing hidden forms of homelessness, such as sofa-surfing.

People experiencing homelessness are 17% more likely to have SLCN than the general population, often exacerbating their ability to navigate healthcare, housing, and social services. SLTs are critical in identifying and addressing these needs. They help individuals communicate their needs more effectively, advocate for their rights, and facilitate engagement with services.

SLTs can work in a range of settings, including shelters, hostels, and outreach services, delivering interventions that improve communication abilities, literacy skills, and social inclusion. They also support staff in these settings by providing training and resources to improve their understanding of communication needs.

People experiencing homelessness may have a range of communication needs that go undetected. SLTs can conduct assessments to identify specific challenges related to speech, language, and communication, which may stem from traumatic experiences, mental health issues, or developmental conditions like autism and learning disabilities.

In some cases, communication difficulties are linked to conditions such as traumatic brain injuries or substance misuse, which may also impact swallowing and other functions. SLTs play a vital role in ensuring individuals receive the support they need to manage these challenges.

Benefits of SLT services in homelessness settings:

• Improved service access: SLTs enable individuals to better understand and engage with housing, healthcare, and legal services.
• Enhanced employability: By improving communication skills, SLTs help individuals become more employable and break the cycle of homelessness.
• Reduced social isolation: Effective communication is key to building relationships and participating in community life, both of which are critical to overcoming homelessness.
• Improved health outcomes: Many individuals experiencing homelessness struggle with complex medical information. SLTs simplify this information, helping people make informed decisions about their care.

For more information, see:

The RCSLT and Homeless CEN policy statement 

Read the sector statement supported by over 40 organisations