Domestic abuse and speech, language and communication

Background and context

Domestic abuse and speech, language and communication needs are deeply intertwined. Communication difficulties can impact both victims and perpetrators, and may act as a barrier to both parties accessing support services. Speech and language therapists have a crucial role to play in supporting both victims and perpetrators of domestic abuse, and the professionals working with and supporting them.

Victims

People with disabilities – including speech, language and communication needs – are more likely to experience domestic abuse at a greater severity for longer periods of time, in part because they may be specifically targeted. Furthermore, their communication difficulties may prevent them from understanding what has happened to them, communicating it to others, and accessing services and support.

Children and young people who witness domestic abuse are also classed as victims under new provisions in the Domestic Abuse Act (2021). Experiencing or witnessing domestic abuse can impact their educational attainment, ability to form positive relationships, employment prospects, physical and mental health and wellbeing, and their life chances.

Perpetrators

Some perpetrators of domestic abuse may have speech, language and communication needs which may not be identified or supported. This can impact their ability to access rehabilitation and prevention programmes, which may increase risks of reoffending.